Monday, May 25, 2020

Illegal Immigrants Illegal Immigration - 1627 Words

Illegal Immigration in the US What does illegal immigration mean to a hard working, middle class worker providing for a family of four? What does illegal immigration mean to someone who is getting jobs taken right underneath them from illegal immigrants that are willing to work the same job for a lower paycheck? What does illegal immigration mean to someone who is in need for a job? Illegal immigration is an epidemic occurring in the United States of America, the land of the free (to the legal citizens). There are many reasons why immigration is harmful and this essay will explain in detail the negative and positive effects of illegal immigration. Illegal immigration has many negative effects to the United States. Illegal immigration brings criminals into the country, the illegal immigrants are taking US citizens jobs at a lower cost, and anchor babies are forcing illegal immigrants to stay into the United States. Immigration opens the doors to many possibilities, from religious freedom to doing to the best colle ges in the world. According to the article â€Å"Push and Pull Factors†, a reason for illegal immigration is people are getting persecuted from their beliefs and they want to go somewhere where they can practice their beliefs without any interruptions from the government. Many people flee from countries in the Middle East to have rights so they can practice their beliefs. In the Bill of Rights, the first amendment backs up the freedom of religion. If a person is bornShow MoreRelatedIllegal Immigrants And Illegal Immigration1100 Words   |  5 PagesIllegal immigration Over the past few years illegal immigration has become a bigger problem. Statistics reveal that more and more immigrants are entering the country illegally by crossing the borders. If something is not done soon, this may get out of hand and be to gone far not to handle. The number of illegal immigrants have gone up over the past years drastically In 2011, there were 40 million immigrants in the U.S. Of that 11.1 million were illegal. Although the number of illegalRead MoreIllegal Immigrants And Illegal Immigration1286 Words   |  6 Pages Undocumented Immigration An analysis of illegal immigration in the United States reveals one challenge facing the banks and other institutions: whether to provide banking and other services to the illegal immigrants or to treat them as criminals because they are illegal and therefore, not to provide them with banking and other services. The articles, â€Å"Crossing the Line† by Stein and â€Å"Illegal Immigrants – They’re Money,† by Rodriguez discuss the impact of illegal immigration in the United StatesRead MoreIllegal Immigration And Illegal Immigrants1335 Words   |  6 PagesIllegal immigration has been one of the main topics during the last three presidential election. Many bills and laws have been passed in order to keep them out but is it really necessary to neglect illegal immigrant? Most Americans believe that illegal immigrants are only people of Mexicans or Latin American descent but illegal immigrants can be from any race or country. Illegal immigration is defined by United States Department of Homeland Security as â€Å"†¦ all foreign-born non-citizens who are notRead MoreIllegal Immigrants And Illegal Immigration964 Words   |  4 Pages Attention Step (quotation, question, or story) About four months ago in government class, we had a class discussion. The topic was illegal immigration. One student said that America should send the illegal immigrants back to their country because they are taking American’s jobs. He stated that he would send his dad back to Mexico because he is an illegal immigrant. Going around the circle that we created, everyone gave their opinions, most disagreed, but some agreed with the student. When it wasRead MoreIllegal Immigrants And Illegal Immigration1902 Words   |  8 PagesSince the 1980s, the US government has undertaken initiatives to make its borders more non-porous to illegal immigration from its neighboring countries. The menace of illegal immigrants seeking better opportunities in the USA started reflecting in the 1970s. The migrating people are motivated by the better non-skilled or semi-skilled employment opportunities in the USA and the relatively higher remuneration for services rendered in the USA than in the neig hbor countries especially Mexico (HansonRead MoreIllegal Immigrants And Illegal Immigration1073 Words   |  5 PagesGriffin Tritto Politics Paper 5/1/17 Immigration Through the past few decades, the rise of illegal immigrants has been both good and bad. The topic of illegal immigration has recently been brought up frequently by politicians, seeing the economic problems that have occurred. An â€Å"illegal† immigrant is somebody who enters a country without following the proper legal requirements to make them a citizen. Illegal immigration is not only taking place in the United States, but all over the globe.Read MoreIllegal Immigrants : Illegal Immigration906 Words   |  4 PagesIllegal Immigration In Texas Border Security is a pressing issue within Texas. Every year, thousands of illegal immigrants cross the border in an attempt to have a better life. No one has issues with legal immigration, but to illegally trespass into this country tends to upset many people. This issue of border security has become more prevalent with the upcoming election Illegal immigration is causing job loss to legal residents of the state because illegal immigrants are doing labor cheaper. AlsoRead MoreIllegal Immigrants : Illegal Immigration900 Words   |  4 Pagesin America is illegal immigration; these people travel from all over the world, and illegally cross national borders onto U.S soil in desperation to find a better life. Immigrants come to America in hopes of fulfilling the American dream, being free and safe from their original home lands. Most immigrants are illegal and come by the millions each year, which lead to many controversial disputes. The overflow of immigrants caused many citizens to q uestion if these illegal immigrants are damaging AmericaRead MoreIllegal Immigration And Illegal Immigrants3175 Words   |  13 Pagesincreasing number of illegal immigrants in this country. Just recently Obama took executive action to shield illegal immigrants from deportation. A Texas Judge though blocked his executive action on immigration. Illegal immigration is a huge controversy here in the United States partly due to Americans thinking that illegal immigrates are taking jobs, causing lower wages, and the costs of education. In Immigration and the American Worker, George Borjas found that the presence of immigrant workers, whetherRead MoreIllegal Immigration And Illegal Immigrants1793 Words   |  8 Pagesrecent discussion s of illegal immigration, a controversial issue has been whether or not to grant amnesty to illegal immigrants in the U.S. On the one hand, some argue that amnesty shouldn’t be granted to illegal criminals. From this perspective, there are downfalls that many ignore and is unjust and stereotypical that all illegals are dangerous criminals. On the other hand, however, others argue that amnesty should be granted to illegal immigrants and how all of us are immigrants. In the words of one

Thursday, May 14, 2020

Advice on company law - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 6 Words: 1887 Downloads: 6 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Law Essay Type Analytical essay Tags: Advice Essay Did you like this example? Structure: Analysis, Legal rules and Application Introduction and General Analysis Peter, Alan, Sarah and Paul are the four directors and shareholders of East Ltd. The majority shareholder is John. Paul is both the companys managing director and chairman. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Advice on company law" essay for you Create order The companys articles of association are based on Table A. Paul was approached by West Ltd, which was interested in purchasing a piece of vacant land belonging to East. At a board meeting, Paul told the fellow directors that as the planning permission was unlikely to be granted whether East Limited was prepared to sell the land to West. The land was sold to West, for  £1.5 m. On completion of the sale, Paul received a bonus of  £50,000 from West, for which he informed Alan and Sarah. Last month, West asked Paul if he would like to purchase shares in West. As Wests share price had recently increased in value, Paul decided to invest  £15,000 of his money in West shares. John has discovered that (i) the land sold by East to West has been developed by West and sold for  £6m and (ii) Pauls shares in West have doubled in value. Advise John as to what action, if any, he can take on the companys behalf. The companys annual general meeting is due to be held n ext month 1. Was the behaviour of Paul prejudicial to other directors and shareholder? 2. Can Paul take the bonus which resulted out of the transaction? 3. Is the fiduciary duty of Paul as a director in conflict with his personal interest? 4. Does he need consent from the company to take the shares in West Ltd? 5. Secret profit by Paul and consequent accountability 6. Remedies available for majority shareholder Application Under the new proposals for à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“Modernising Company Lawà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  white paper which contains important proposals with regard to a contract which a company itself is unable to accept due to the lack of resources for example, then a director may be able to take that contract personally for his own benefit. This allows directors to make full use of information, property etc which belong to the company for their own benefit without the consent of the shareholders and members provided that they obtain the authorisation from the Board of Directors to do so. The important difference here which must be noted is, in the case of private companies, the board of directors will have such powers as to authorise a director to exploit a corporate opportunity like that unless it has been expressly denied in the companyà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s constitution. On the other hand, in the case of Public limited companies, the board of directors will not have such powers bestowed upon them as they need authorisation from the shareholders first unless a specific provision to authorise such transaction has been made in the companyà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s constitution. In this scenario, Paul has notified the Board about East Limitedà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s interest in buying the land and the Board, although based on his instructions regarding planning permission they have agreed to sell the land to West Limited. In à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“CMS Dolphin Ltd v Simonet[1] it was held by Lawrence Collins J that a director was liable for breach of fidu ciary duty in diverting a business opportunity from his company although the director in question had left the company. However, even after leaving the company a directorà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s fiduciary duties continue and therefore he may not divert business opportunities from the company or misuse information while he was acting as a director of his previous company. In this particular case the director took all the companyà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s staff and its main clients with him and set up in business on his ownà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ . In Smith Stone and Knight Ltd (à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã…“SSKà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ) v Birmingham Corporationà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  (BCà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ )[2] a subsidiary owned by SSK carried out business activities from a piece of land owed by SSK. A compulsory purchase order was issued by BC. Compensation for loss of business was to be paid to the company and its owner. However, the subsidiary company did not own the land and so BC refused to pay any compensation. It was held that th e subsidiary company was an agent of SSK and therefore BC must pay compensation. Directorà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s Fiduciary Duties A director has a duty towards a variety of people who are interested in the Company such as to the company itself, to its employees, to the shareholders and to its creditors. Under the Common law a director is expected to manage the company in accordance with the Companies Act and its constitution and to exercise reasonable skill and care. A director is also expected to act bona fide in the best interest of the company. This then follows that a director is expected to avoid conflict of interest with the company and must not make any secret profit by disclosing any interest in the contract company or whether he/she is likely to be involved and any profit or financial benefit he receives from it.[3] A director is also expected to use his powers for a proper purpose. Paul as a director of the company is in a fiduciary position and therefore must not mak e an undisclosed profit using his position as a director. He was only approached by East Limited because of his position as a director of the company. He must disclose this to the other directors, Peter, Alan, Sarah. The fact that West Limited was unable to purchase the land because Paul told the Board of Directors that the planning permission would not be granted and therefore could not obtain the benefit from developing that land, depends upon whether Paul had knowledge of East Limitedà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s intentions to develop the land. It would have been better to obtain consent from the company in a General meeting to take that contract and keep the profits before actually taking the contract. It is a well established principle that there should not be a conflict between their fiduciary duties and their personal interest and they must not use the companyà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s assets, opportunities or information without obtaining consent from the company based on full information . Furthermore, Paul would have to account for  £50,000 he received on completion of the sale of that land to the company. In Boston Deep Sea Fishing Co v Ansell[4] A was one of the directors of B Co and was paid a commission on the contract by the shipbuilders. A was also a shareholder of an Ice company who was supplying ice to the B Co. A received a bonus when he employed Ice Company in respect of B Coà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s fishing smacks. It was held that A must account to B Co for the commission and the bonus he received although B Co could not have received any bonus from the Ice company as it was not a shareholder in that company. Generally if there is a conflict between a directorà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s personal interest or his duty to another then the court will intervene to set aside the transaction without inquiring whether there was any breach of the directorà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s duty to the company which is an over-riding principle of equity[5] Therefore, Alan and Sarah may prevent him from taking and keeping the  £50,000 he received as a bonus on completion of the sale of the land, stating that there is a conflict of interest[6] and that this must be recorded in the minutes in detail so that there is no suspicion of secret dealings. On the other hand, they could approve his bonus payment as well as his purchase of East Limitedà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s shares when they contacted him as he is unlikely to be classed as just another investor, by East Limited in the Annual General Meeting. According to Profession Gower[7] when a director makes a contract with another business in his own personal capacity [8] he would have to account for the profit he makes out of any such contract. Paul was contacted by East due to his position as a director in West and therefore he was able to buy shares in East. It would be difficult for him to argue that he invested  £15,000 of his own money as a private investor mainly because East is not a PLC and therefore its shares are not available for the public and being a limited company its shares are only marketed privately. Therefore any profit he makes out of those shares he will have to account for it. Advice and Remedies i) It is possible to ratify unauthorised transaction by passing an ordinary resolution at a General Meeting and it cannot be just by the Board of Directors[9]. In order to avoid the injustice due to the absolutist nature of fiduciary duties Paul may seek relief from the court if the court believes that he had acted honestly and reasonably. With regards to his bonus of  £50,000 which he told two of the directors about, this establishes that he has acted honestly and reasonably however it would not be the case with regards to his purchase of shares in East. John as a majority shareholder can motion for the removal of Paul as a director of the Company. Any director can be removed from their office by an ordinary resolution of the members.[10] Theref ore, in order to remove Paul as a director of the company a resolution in general meeting with a simple majority is needed and this applies notwithstanding the contrary provisions in the companyà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s Articles. The procedure for removal of a director is set in section 303 of the Act, which provides for an ordinary resolution, that is, by majority of votes in the general meeting a director can be removed from his or her office. However, if the directors are the major shareholders then the minority shareholders have very limited rights to object the way the majority directors are running the affairs of the company. If the director is removed from the office it terminates any service contract it may have with the company. The amount of damages the director may be able to claim usually depends up on the remuneration package under his contract with the company. Bibliography and References 1. Business Law and Practice by Scott Slorach Jason Ellis published by Blackston e press. 2. Business Law by Stephen Judge, second edition published by Macmillan law masters. 3. Company Law, by Charles worth Morse 16th Edition published by Thomson, Sweet Maxwell. 4. Gower Daviesà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ Principles of Modern Company Law 7th Edition, by Paul L Davies published by Thomson, Sweet Maxwell 5. www. Nortonrose.com/articles 6. Department of Trade Industry web site: Modernising Company law White paper 7. Company Law by Janet Dine, Macmillan Law Masters, and third edition 8. Lifting the Corporate Veil by Neil Chandler www.exchangechambers.co.uk 9. Penningtonà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s Company Law, 8th edition published by Buttersworths 1 Footnotes [1] 2002 BCC 600; [2001] 2 B C L C 704 Ch D Gower and Daviesà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ Principles of Modern Company Law, 7th Edition, page 422 [2] [1939] 4 All ER 116, Gower and Daviesà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ Principles of Modern Company Law, 7th Edition, page 182 [3] Section 317, 320 and 330 of the Companies Act 1985. [4] 1888 ch D 339 CA, Company Law, by Charles worth Morse page 275-276 [5] Vinelott J, Movitex Ltd v Bulfield (1988) page 183 Company Law by Douglas smith. [6] Section 317 Companies Act 1985 [7] page 184 Company Law by Douglas smith [8] Aberdeen Railway co v Blaikie Bros (1874) Company Law by Douglas smith page 184 [9] Hogg v Cramphorn (1967) Company Law by Douglas smith page 187 [10] Section 303 Companies Act 1985:

Wednesday, May 6, 2020

Review Of The Handmaid s Tale - 884 Words

Comparing a book to the movie that is a product of that book is always a difficult thing, but with The Handmaid’s Tale the novel and movie were quite similar. Set in the near future, in a totalitarian society post overthrowing of the United States government, The Handmaid s Tale explores the idea that people will endure oppression willingly as long as they receive some slight amount of power or freedom in return. This can be seen prominently in both the film and novel. However, although the overall idea was the same, the way that it was perceived through the movie is drastically different than through the text version. In the novel there is a eminent absence of real names, and Handmaids are instead referred to by nicknames that signify the Commanders they serve. They reveal little to nothing about the Handmaids, except for the absence of their personal identities. Equivalently, although the Aunts have individual, feminine alias, they aren t their birth names either. Significa ntly, it s noticed in the novel that we were never given the name of Offred, nor her child. This differs from the movie greatly where the characters interact with each other considerably more than depicted in the paperback -- most likely to make the film more entertaining to watch, but greatly taking away from a main component of Atwood s story. To make what I believe is less confusing for viewers, characters were appointed names in the flick. For example, the protagonist and narrator ofShow MoreRelatedThe Handmaid s Tale By Margaret Atwood1249 Words   |  5 PagesDystopian Research Essay: The Handmaid’s Tale by Margaret Atwood In the words of Erika Gottlieb With control of the past comes domination of the future. A dystopia reflects and discusses major tendencies in contemporary society. The Handmaid s Tale is a dystopian novel written by Margaret Atwood in 1985. The novel follows its protagonist Offred as she lives in a society focused on physical and spiritual oppression of the female identity. Within The Handmaid s Tale it is evident that through the explorationRead MoreThe Handmaid s Tale By Margaret Atwood1357 Words   |  6 PagesOxford definition: â€Å"the advocacy of women s rights on the ground of the equality of the sexes† (Oxford dictionary). In the novel The Handmaid’s Tale, Margaret Atwood explores feminism through the themes of women’s bodies as political tools, the dynamics of rape culture and the society of complacency. Margaret Atwood was born in 1939, at the beginning of WWII, growing up in a time of fear. In the autumn of 1984, when she began writing The Handmaid’s Tale, she was living in West Berlin. The BerlinRead MoreWhen Margaret Atwood Published Her Novel, The Handmaid’S1338 Words   |  6 PagesWhen Margaret Atwood published her novel, The Handmaid’s Tale, in 1998, it was met with a wave of mixed reviews. Dystopic and Utopic novels have always been critiques of the time periods in which they are written. They extrapolate present truths and can provide valuable critiques of the ills that our society faces. Upon publishing of this novel, two main questions were raised. First, Is this an accurate and fair critique of the 1980’s social and political climate? Furthermore, Is Atwood’s story aRead MoreTotalitarianism’s Role in the Handmaid’s Tale1505 Words   |  7 Pagesworld. People accepted the new society without much resistance only to later realize that they had been duped. The founders of Gilead took conservative ideas and implemented them to the extreme. Women’s rights are taken away. Reading is forbidden. Handmaids are introduced to bear children. The government takes over and a dystopia is born. They control almost every aspect of the people’s lives, down to the food that they consume. Though the totalitarian government of Gilead tries to break spirit of theRead MoreThe Classics Are Those Books Essay1137 Words   |  5 Pagesthey are in the best condition to enjoy them. The classics are books which exercise a particular influence, both when they imprint themselves on our imagination as unforgettable, and when they hide in the layers of memory disguised as the individual s or the collective unconscious. A classic is a book which with each rereading offers as much of a sense of discovery as the first reading. A classic is a book which even when we read it for the first time gives the sense of rereading something we haveRead MoreThomas More s Utopia?1464 Words   |  6 Pages7,1478 he was the son of John More, A well known Lawyer. When Thomas was little he went to St.Anthony s School in London. Thomas was a page in the household of John Marton . From then on Thomas More s went on to Oxford University. Around 1494 Thomas Dad took him to London to study in what was known as common law. In February 1496 , More was admitted into Lincoln s inn. In 1505 Thomas More s became a full on lawyer and by this time he managed to keep up with his literary and spiritual interest

Tuesday, May 5, 2020

Work Integrated Learning in Business

Question: Should Work Integrated Learning be a Requirement of all Undergraduate Business Degrees? Answer: As per the authors, it has become a word of wisdom that completing a work placement as a component of the undergraduate degree brings positive benefits for employers along with graduates. This aspect is of much significance in the contemporary era where the focus is on the economic contribution made by education. The benefit can be considered to be two-fold. Firstly, there is a positive contribution made towards the development of generic employability skills. Secondly, placements are the ideal opportunity for graduate students to have a head start of their career. The data presented in the article were from two sources; qualitative data was received from a programme comprising of 25 interviews that were held between the years 2003 and 2004 with a cross-sectional sample of business and management graduates responding to the Class of 99 survey. Quantitative data was collected from the Class of 99 survey that surveyed graduates of all disciplines completing their undergraduate educatio n after the year 2003. From the findings of the data, it was indicated that the effect of work placement for management and business graduates were inconsistent, contributing to the higher achievement of employment on different measures. The pattern of the results indicated that the impact of work-integrated learning (WIL) depends on the kind of management and business degree. Though the results of the study clearly advocated the benefits of WIL, more is required to be understood regarding the characteristics of a perfect work placement that not only lays the provision for the development of personal attributes and skills but also helps in the demonstration of competencies. According to the authors, higher education stakeholders have shown a growing amount of concern regarding the learning and teaching performances as well as outcomes in business education. There is an emerging gap between the requirements of the industry and the graduate attributes that needs immediate attention. The reasons for such gap has been attributed to lack of generic skills and employment readiness. One suitable technique that can aid in bringing improvements in the development of the generic skills in students is work-integrated learning (WIL). The investment done on constructing WIL opportunities would bring significant benefits. The researchers developed a professional development program (PDP) that was integrated into a business degree program with the aim of helping students learn systematically. The PDP was implemented for 12 months. It was found that the students who had an active involvement in the PDP exhibited major gains in generic skills. They also were found to be better able to manage studies and personal lives. The research indicated that WIL enhances a students end outcome. The article highlighted that the effect of continuous and integrated orientation program with components of WIL can ideally be positive. A rich pool of evidence is in support of PDPs in professional context. WIL can help addressing challenges students face when they enter the industry. WIL is suitable for the demand for a good strength of employment-ready graduates. While it is apparent that WIL can bring about a number of benefits, it is to be explored whether the concerned stakeholders have the vision and commitment to utilise the potential it has. As opined by the author, Work-integrated learning (WIL) has received much attention for being an instrument that enhances professional practice and develops work-readiness in the newly graduates. It is considered to be the point of difference in fostering graduate employability by like communication, team work, problem solving and self-management. The paper investigated the role of WIL on undergraduate employability skills. Data was collected from 131 WIL students in an Australian university. For students of business studies, work placements were an elective component of the degree program. Arrangements were made for some form of placement for business students. It was found from the data that WIL was successful in making difference to the development of skills from university to any workplace. Findings from the study also highlighted the role of integrated and structured exposure to placement for nurturing and supporting professionalism in students. The areas that were impacted upon were time management, working autonomously, multi-tasking and motivation. Findings empirically were in support of the discussion on increased access to WIL opportunities that are approved by the University. Documented improvements in the students were in alignment with the existing literature, but there is still limited research in this particular area. More research in this area would be beneficial for an academic field as well as professional practitioners. The article had a limitation of not using certain variables that are to impact on outcomes at the time of WIL. Prior experience and student readiness may impact the extent of learning at the time of placement. The paper reported on a study of responses given by students towards work integrated learning (WIL) program for undergraduate business management students. The WIL was considered in the final semester of the educational course. The program was made to fit for large classes. It required the students to conduct interviews with businesses on behalf of government councils focusing on support for local business initiatives. The summative assessment encompassed small-group research reports for the councils on the basis of the interviews. The preparation of the students for the WIL was made to alleviate the inbuilt risks of WIL that are curriculum-based for large groups. The preparation included in-class activities and scaffolded formative written assignments in the compulsory classes. It briefed about the project requirement and they were given adequate information on skills and knowledge required for the project. The study drew upon the reflections of the students and the feedback provide d by them. The exploratory interrogation was successful in identifying three flashpoints in the experiences of students during WIL. These flashpoints were central to learning of the students. Through the flashpoints, students were able to learn effectively in different settings. The flashpoints can be considered for offering knowledge about the benefits of WIL programs. From the article, it was clear that WIL enables business students to become better critical thinkers and researchers. WIL needs to be included in the pedagogical approaches of engaged learning in business studies. References Fallon, Wayne. "Flashpoints in students' work-integrated learning in business: Implications for curriculum design."Employment Relations Record12, no. 1 (2012): 66. Freudenberg, Brett, Mark Brimble, and Craig Cameron. "WIL and generic skill development: The development of business students' generic skills through work-integrated learning." Asia-Pacific Journal of Cooperative Education 12, no. (2): 79-93. Jackson, Denise. "The contribution of work-integrated learning to undergraduate employability skill outcomes."Asia-Pacific Journal of Cooperative Education14, no. 2 (2013): 99-115. Wilton, Nick. "The impact of work placements on skills development and career outcomes for business and management graduates."Studies in Higher Education37, no. 5 (2012): 603-620.